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P100 Cartridge Change FAQ - 3M
ANSI Z88.2: American National Standard for Respiratory Protection
Palistine, OH Train Derailing: Known Chemical Hazards as of 2_15_2023
Chemical List Provided to EPA
Association of COVID-19 with short- and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a prospective cohort in UK Biobank - PubMed
Long-term mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection: A national cohort study from Estonia - PubMed
COVID-19 Post-acute Sequelae Among Adults: 12 Month Mortality Risk - PubMed
High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 - Nature
How deadly is long Covid? Here's what a new CDC study found.
WSJ: Are Vaccines Fueling New Covid Variants?
Review of the Cleveland Clinic Study: "Effectiveness of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Bivalent Vaccine"
Analysis of Florida Department of Health: Guidance on Childhood Vaccines
Analysis: Florida Department of Health's Vaccine Guidance
High vaccination coverage slows down genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 - PubMed
COVID-19 vaccines dampen genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2: Unvaccinated patients exhibit more antigenic mutational variance
Science | AAAS - Thoughtful Explanation from another Scientist
Fact Check-No evidence vaccination efforts are causing new COVID-19...
Neutralization against BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, and XBB from mRNA Bivalent Booster
Long-Term Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in an Immunocompromised Patient with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - PubMed
Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients facilitates rapid viral evolution: Retrospective cohort study and literature review
Cumulative SARS-CoV-2 mutations and corresponding changes in immunity in an immunocompromised patient indicate viral evolution within the host - Nature Communications
Corrections regarding XBB wave in Singapore (Highly Vaccinated Population)
XBB Covid-19 wave may peak in S’pore earlier than mid-November: Ong Ye Kung
Fact Check: Do Booster Shots Increase a Person’s Likelihood of Getting COVID?
Impaired function and delayed regeneration of dendritic cells in COVID-19
Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection - PubMed
Profound dysregulation of T cell homeostasis and function in patients with severe COVID-19 - PubMed
Dysregulated naive B cells and de novo autoreactivity in severe COVID-19 - Nature
Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection Impairs Dendritic Cell and T Cell Responses
T-cell dysfunction as a potential contributing factor in post-COVID-19 mucormycosis - PubMed
T cell perturbations persist for at least 6 months following hospitalization for COVID-19
Alterations in T and B cell function persist in convalescent COVID-19 patients - PubMed
Immune dysfunction leads to mortality and organ injury in patients with COVID-19 in China: insights from ERS-COVID-19 study - PubMed
Lasting alterations in monocyte and dendritic cell subsets in individuals after 2 hospitalization for COVID-19
Remodeling of T Cell Dynamics During Long COVID Is Dependent on Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection - PubMed
Neuro-COVID long-haulers exhibit broad dysfunction in T cell memory generation and responses to vaccination
Longitudinal analysis reveals that delayed bystander CD8+ T cell activation and early immune pathology distinguish severe COVID-19 from mild disease - PubMed
Severe Adaptive Immune Suppression May Be Why Patients With Severe COVID-19 Cannot Be Discharged From the ICU Even After Negative Viral Tests - PubMed
T-Cell Hyperactivation and Paralysis in Severe COVID-19 Infection Revealed by Single-Cell Analysis - PubMed
Differential plasmacytoid dendritic cell phenotype and type I Interferon response in asymptomatic and severe COVID-19 infection - PubMed
Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection - PubMed
Depletion and Dysfunction of Dendritic Cells: Understanding SARS-CoV-2 Infection - PubMed
Lymphocyte Subset Counts in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis - PubMed
Marked T cell activation, senescence, exhaustion and skewing towards TH17 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia - PubMed
Long-term perturbation of the peripheral immune system months after SARS-CoV-2 infection - PubMed
Profound Treg perturbations correlate with COVID-19 severity - PubMed
A scoping review of regulatory T cell dynamics in convalescent COVID-19 patients – Implications for Long COVID?
Reduction and Functional Exhaustion of T Cells in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - PubMed
A regulatory T cell signature distinguishes the immune landscape of COVID-19 patients from those with other respiratory infections - PubMed
Broad phenotypic alterations and potential dysfunction of lymphocytes in individuals clinically recovered from COVID-19 - PubMed
Lessons Learned Comparing Immune System Alterations of Bacterial Sepsis and SARS-CoV-2 Sepsis - PubMed
Persistent Autoimmune Activation and Proinflammatory State in Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Syndrome - PubMed
Circulating anti-nuclear autoantibodies in COVID-19 survivors predict long-COVID symptoms - PubMed
Persistent Symptoms in Adult Patients 1 Year After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Prospective Cohort Study - PubMed
The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis - PubMed
COVID associated mucormycosis: A preliminary study from a dedicated COVID Hospital in Delhi - PubMed
Autoimmune and Rheumatic Manifestations Associated With COVID-19 in Adults: An Updated Systematic Review - PubMed
COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases - PubMed
New Onset of Autoimmune Diseases Following COVID-19 Diagnosis - PubMed
Air Cleaners, HVAC Filters, and Coronavirus (COVID-19) | US EPA
Real-world data show that filters clean COVID-causing virus from air
SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in schools: the effectiveness of different interventions - PubMed
CDC Study: HEPA Filters Reduce COVID-19 Spread in Schools – Smart Air
Do HEPA Filters Really Catch Coronavirus Particles?
Removal of Airborne Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Other Microbial Bioaerosols by Air Filtration on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Surge Units
Air filter significantly reduces presence of airborne SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 wards
Use of Portable Air Cleaners and Transmission of COVID-19
Efficacy of Ventilation, HEPA Air Cleaners, Universal Masking, and Physical Distancing for Reducing Exposure to Simulated Exhaled Aerosols in a Meeting Room
Portable HEPA Purifiers to Eliminate Airborne SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review
Cleaner air: Protection from COVID-19
Ventilation Can Reduce COVID-19 Risk | Yale School Of Public Health
Are the Portable Air Cleaners (PAC) really effective to terminate airborne SARS-CoV-2?
Improving Ventilation in Schools, Colleges, and Universities to Prevent COVID-19 | U.S. Department of Education
Let's Clear The Air On COVID - The White House
Can HVAC systems help prevent transmission of COVID-19?
Testing mobile air purifiers in a school classroom: Reducing the airborne transmission risk for SARS-CoV-2
Lifting Universal Masking in Schools — Covid-19 Incidence among Students and Staff
Mask wearing in community settings reduces SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Harvard Report: Face masks: An essential protective measure while traveling
Harvard Study: Assessment of Risks of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission During Air Travel and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to Reduce Risk
Yale: Largest study on masks and Covid-19 demonstrates their effectiveness in the real world
Randomized Controlled Trial: Impact of community masking on COVID-19: A cluster-randomized trial in Bangladesh
An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19
Face masks for COVID pass their largest test yet
Effectiveness of face masks in blocking the transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A preliminary evaluation of masks used by SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals
Efficacy of masks and face coverings in controlling outward aerosol particle emission from expiratory activities
Effectiveness of Mask Wearing to Control Community Spread of SARS-CoV-2
Face Mask Use in the Community for Reducing the Spread of COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Effectiveness of Face Mask or Respirator Use in Indoor Public Settings for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection — California, February–December 2021
UCSF: Still Confused About Masks? Here’s the Science Behind How Face Masks Prevent Coronavirus
Johns Hopkins: Coronavirus Face Masks FAQs
Mayo Clinic: How well do face masks protect against COVID-19?
Comparing SARS-CoV-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections
Having SARS-CoV-2 once confers much greater immunity than a vaccine—but no infection parties, please
Summary of Oxford UK Survey: COVID vaccines protect against Delta, but their effectiveness wanes
UK Oxford Survey: Impact of Delta on viral burden and vaccine effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 infections in the UK
Mayo Clinic Led Study: Comparison of two highly-effective mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 during periods of Alpha and Delta variant prevalence
August 13th, 2021 CDC Vaccine Update
Science Opinion Piece: A grim warning from Israel: Vaccination blunts, but does not defeat Delta
Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections to Time-from-vaccine; Preliminary Study
SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness
ZOE Project Press Release: Is COVID vaccine protection fading?
(Vetted) Expert reaction to press release from the ZOE app on vaccine effectiveness over time
Link to Israeli Health Ministry Report Slides
Link to analysis re: local vaccination rates in Israel & vaccine efficacy
Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection
How the Delta variant achieves its ultrafast spread
SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with increased disease severity and mortality
Health Department-Reported Cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in the United States ​
Early News Reports: Is Delta Also More Severe in Kids?
Neurologic Involvement in Children and Adolescents Hospitalized in the United States for COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric COVID-19
Systematic review of reviews of symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in children and adolescents
CDC: About Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS)
COVID vaccines protect against Delta, but their effectiveness wanes
Intraseason Waning of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness
Decline in Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness With Vaccination Program Maturation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Efficacy of Influenza Vaccine in Nursing Homes Reduction in Illness and Complications During an Influenza A (H3N2) Epidemic
Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Adults, 2011–2012 Influenza Season
CDC Report on Delta Variant from July 29th, 2021
Influenza Vaccine Given to Pregnant Women Reduces Hospitalization Due to Influenza in Their Infants
Influenza vaccine as prevention for cardiovascular diseases: Possible molecular mechanism
Patterns of Influenza Vaccination and Vaccine Effectiveness Among Young US Children Who Receive Outpatient Care for Acute Respiratory Tract Illness
CDC: COVID DATA TRACKER
WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard Back to top
American Academy of Pediatrics: COVID-19 Guidance for Safe Schools
CDC: Know What to Expect at Your Child’s K- 12 School or Early Care and Education Program
Science Magazine: Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2
American Association of Pediatrics Increases in pediatric hospitalization: Children and COVID-19: State-Level Data Report
American Academy of Pediatrics: Children and COVID-19: State-Level Data Report
CDC: Families and COVID-19
CDC: County by County Data Tracker for Local Transmission Rates
Journal of the American Medical Association: Effectiveness of Mask Wearing to Control Community Spread of SARS-CoV-2
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine: Interview with Pediatric infectious diseases specialist Matthew Thomas, M.D.
European Journal of Pediatrics: To mask or not to mask children to overcome COVID-19
PNAS: An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19
Nature Oct 2020: Face masks: what the data say
CDC: Health Department-Reported Cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in the United States ​caused by COVID
Children are affected by long COVID: Long COVID and kids: scientists race to find answers
Children With Long COVID
Long-term Symptoms After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents
Alpha Variant Data for Kids with Long COVID: Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2
Early News Report More Children are being hospitalized: Unclear if Delta Variant is worse for chlidren, but it spreads better.
Emerging Picture (520 COVID deaths in Children 8_13_2021): Hospitals In Southern U.S. Report Record Numbers Of Children Hospitalized Amid Delta Surge—Though Deaths Still Extremely Rare
New CDC Data: COVID-19 Vaccination Safe for Pregnant People
COVID-19 Vaccines While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
Ovarian follicular function is not altered by SARS-Cov-2 infection or BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccination
BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine does not impair sperm parameters
Receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines preconception and during pregnancy and risk of self-reported spontaneous abortions, CDC v-safe COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry 2020-21
Pregnancy, Postpartum Care, and COVID-19 Vaccination in 2021
Addressing anti-syncytin antibody levels, and fertility and breastfeeding concerns, following BNT162B2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
Potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection on reproductive health
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccines and Pregnancy
Lack of effects on female fertility and prenatal and postnatal offspring development in rats with BNT162b2, a mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine
Exaptation of Retroviral Syncytin for Development of Syncytialized Placenta, Its Limited Homology to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Arguments against Disturbing Narrative in the Context of COVID-19 Vaccination
Johns Hopkins: The COVID-19 Vaccine and Pregnancy: What You Need to Know
Are COVID-19 vaccines safe in pregnancy?
Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons
Possible impact of COVID-19 on fertility and assisted reproductive technologies
Review of Animal Models used for SarsCoV2 Research: Animal models for COVID-19
Animal Study: BNT162b vaccines protect rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2
Animal Study: Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates
Animal Study: Immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine candidate for COVID-19
Animal Study: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques
Animal Study: A prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike RNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and prevents lung infection in non-human primates
ANIMAL MODELS used for SarsCov2 Vaccine Development
REVIEW Article: Animal models of mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pathology
Animal Study: Dose-dependent response to infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the ferret model and evidence of protective immunity
Animal Study: Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques
Animal Study: DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques
Animal Study: Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2
Animal Study: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine design enabled by prototype pathogen preparedness
Potential reason why containment of SARS-COV-2 spread is so difficult: Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model
How is Immunity Measured in Animal Vaccine Trials? Measuring immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection: comparing assays and animal models
Vaccine Development and Testing Overview: Learning from the past: development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines
Johns Hopkins COVID-19 State by State Case rates
CDC: SarsCoV2 Variant Information
Johns Hopkins COVID-19 Dashboard
NextStrain.org SarsCoV2 Global Mutations (GISAID Subsample)
GISAID: Map of tracked variant occurrence
SarsCoV2 Mutation Rate: Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcomes of Medically Attended COVID-19 and Influenza Patients in a Defined Population in the 2020 Respiratory Virus Season
ARTICLE CITED as GOF #1: "Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus"
ARTICLE CITED as GOF #2: "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence"
Gain-of-Function Research: Ethical Analysis
White House Archives GOF Research: Doing Diligence to Assess the Risks and Benefits of Life Sciences Gain-of-Function Research
Free Textbook: The Science of Biology
Free Textbook: Kuby Immunology, 6th Edition
Free Textbook: Medical Microbiology, 4th Edition
Free Textbook: Introduction to Medical Immunology
June 25th Technical Brief: SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England
Book Chapter "Dangerous Science: Science Policy and Risk Analysis for Scientists and Engineers" Case Study: H5N1 Influenza Research Debate
Pre-Print: AstraZeneca & Pfizer Vaccine Efficacy against Alpha & Delta Variants (title: Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against the B.1.617.2 variant)
June 23rd Delta Variant: Delta variant triggers dangerous new phase in the pandemic
43,548 participant Clinical Trial Report Dec 2020: Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
Review: Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics
Registered SarsCoV2 Clinical Trials (therapeutics, supplements, vaccines)
CDC: Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
Official Statement American Heart Association: CDC investigating rare myocarditis in teens, young adults; COVID-19 vaccine still advised for all who are eligible
Webcast Link: CDC ACIP Meeting June 23-25th - Myocarditis Focus
ACIP: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
Moderna Vaccine: Minimal Amounts of Spike Protein Detected Post Vaccination
Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Myocarditis in Competitive Athletes With Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry
Myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination among vaccinia-naive US military personnel
January 2021: Review on Up-to-Date Status of Candidate Vaccines for COVID-19 Disease
Known Distribution Patterns of DNA based Vaccines (pub. 2010)
DART Data Reported (here and elsewhere): Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee December 17, 2020 Presentation - Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Application for mRNA-1273