Your debts can be discharged with negotiable instruments.
Here are the statutes.

Negotiable Instruments | Linktree

House Joint Resolution 192 (HJR 192) passed in 1933, effectively removed the gold standard and established that all debts could be settled using legal tender (fiat currency) rather than gold. This resolution forms the foundation for using negotiable instruments like promissory notes and bills of exchange to discharge public debts.

House Joint Resolution 192 (1933)

Under 43 Stat. 462, negotiable instruments such as promissory notes, bills of exchange, and checks are recognized as legal tender for the payment of all U.S. public debts. Federal Reserve Operating Circular No. 10 also supports the use of these instruments as valid forms of payment, enforceable by law.

Legal Tender Laws and Debt Discharge

Fidelity Bank Guarantee v. Henwood (1939): The U.S. Supreme Court held that repayment of debt using gold-backed currency is not required, supporting the use of negotiable instruments as valid forms of payment, especially when fiat currency is not at par with gold-backed dollars.

Key Case Law on Negotiable Instruments

In 1933, the U.S. transitioned from a gold-backed currency to fiat money with the Banking Relief Act. This shift allowed the government to issue currency without gold reserves, fundamentally altering the nature of the U.S. Dollar and enabling the use of negotiable instruments for debt discharge.

Historical Context

The Statutes

Legal Precedents

Guaranty Trust Co. v. Henwood, 307 U.S. 247

Kenner v. C.I.R, 387 F.2d 689

Massei v. Lettunich, 248 Cal.App.2d 68

Goodman v. Kennedy, 18 Cal.3d 335

Kehaya v. Axton, 32 F. Supp. 266

Negotiable Instruments

Enjoy 30 days of Hulu for FREE

Claim 10 free meals* from HelloFresh

Get 60% off Sitewide

Sip your way to stronger health with 30% off at ARMRA

Save 10% at Omnilux LED

Save 10% on Ritual Multivitamins Subscriptions

You've scored 50% OFF Factor 🤤

Join now and get 50% off a Club membership

Get your first box FREE with Curology!

Claim your $20 bonus with Acorns

Sign up for Headspace Today and get a 14 day free trial!

Get AAA membership for half the price!

Get 30¢/gal cash back on gas at major stations

Get 15% off at Equip Foods

20% Off the at FabFitFun with code INSIDER20

Get 80% off your first order when signing up to be a VIP!

Get 15% off for cleaner skin at CLEARSTEM

Get your first box FREE with Agency!

50% off + Free Shipping at Purple Carrot!

Power Up with Daily Harvest's High-Protein Smoothies

Save $100 with Gobble

Save 10% on your First Maev Order!

15% off your favorite non-alcoholic spirits at The Zero Proof

10% off JLab’s award‑winning audio gear

Get help with or without insurance. Use code SPACE80 for $80 off.

Start speaking a new language in just 3 weeks

Negotiable Instruments

Your debts can be discharged with negotiable instruments. Here are the statutes.

The Statutes

Legal Precedents

Negotiable Instruments

Explore other Linktrees

About this account

More from Linktree